What do the most common technical terms mean? part two

In the previous part of an article, what do the most common technical terms mean? -this link- We mentioned some of the most important technical terms that face the reader on a daily basis in the world of technology and may be vague to him, and readers have sent us asking about some terms, so we decided to single out a second part of the article, which includes another group of technical terms that need to decipher them so that the reader can be on Learn about the technical shortcuts he is going through.

Screen Resolution:

SD: It is an abbreviation for (Standard Definition), meaning the standard resolution, and is estimated at 720 x 576 as its highest resolution, meaning that it contains 720 pixels wide and 576 longitudinal pixels, and is symbolized by 480p - refer to the first part of this link To get a sense of the meaning of the word pixel-, SD clarity also includes lower resolutions such as 360p, 240p and 144p. And if you want to get to know it practically, you can open any video on YouTube and you will find size options from which you can see the difference.

HD: An abbreviation for (High Definition), a technology called high-definition screens, whose resolution is usually 1280 x 720, that is, it consists of 1280 pixels wide and 720 pixels long. It is always coded as 720p. It later evolved into Full HD and contains 1080 longitudinal pixels in the screen.

Retina: It is a registered trademark of Apple that uses it to name the LCD screens that its devices carry, as it carries a high pixel density to the point where it does not allow the human eye to distinguish pixels from the natural distance, and Apple has standardized the name in its modern products, but the resolution varies from product to product depending on the size of the product screen.

UHD: It is a technology that carries four times the resolution of Full HD and the word UHD is an abbreviation for (Ultra High Definition), which is very high-resolution screens with a resolution of 4096 x 2160 meaning that it supports large screens with amazing clarity, but the problem here is that it is still in its infancy as the owners of UHD screens “Or, as it is called 4K,” they do not find many videos that currently support this resolution. In addition, their files are of large sizes - one minute may reach 500 MB or more - and you need a high speed Internet connection if you want to watch them on the Internet without problems - Internet speed is preferred 60 MB or more - and Google recently supported this resolution on YouTube, and you can watch a UHD video on YouTube [from here] “Select the gear sign below the video and choose (2160p)” and do not forget that you need a screen that supports 4K in order to enjoy the true resolution of this video.

4K: It is another name for UHD technology, which we talked about above, and in fact this name is not new, rather it has been in existence since the invention of film cameras. Vertical so it's called 35K and the letter K here is a metaphor for the three zeros that make up the thousand.

Internet

WWW: Every domain in the Internet begins with it and is the logo of the World Wide Web, "the Internet," a system of linked hypertext documents that run over the Internet. The user can browse these documents using a web browser, originally called the World Wide Web.

com. : It is the domain of the Internet and is considered one of the most famous of its domains. It began to be used in 1985 and is still in use until now. The name com comes from the word commercial, which means commercial, and is usually used for commercial websites. There are other domains that are used according to the orientation of the web page, such as org = orgnization, which means organization, and .edu = education, which means educational, and there are more domains that express to you the direction of the web page once you read it.

HTTP : A protocol used by www and is responsible for transmitting and coordinating messages and determining the actions that servers and browsers should take to respond to various commands and implement them, for example when entering the website address in the browser an HTTP command is sent to the servers to direct them to fetch and show the desired webpage and the HTTP shortcut For (Hyper Text Transfer Protocol).

URL: An abbreviation for (Uniform Resource Locator), which means in Arabic “information locator”, which is the address that you type in the browser to go to the website you want, and it can be said that it is an identifying address to define a specific page among millions of pages on the Internet, where it starts permanently with the www format, and its type is known as one of the domains (.com, .org, .edu .. etc.) and HTTP performs coordination operations with servers to show you the page you requested… the idea arrived ?? :)

VPN: An abbreviation for Virtual Private Network, which is a virtual network that is used for safe, private, and censorship-free browsing. It is a virtual network that does not really exist, but it does its job perfectly and even companies have become dependent on it.

APN: It is the Access Point Name, which is the point that connects 3G or 4G mobile networks to computer networks in order to be able to connect to the Internet, so that the device configures a data connection defined by APN to be sent to the service operator for the latter to determine the type of connection that must be established in order for the user to connect to the Internet.

Disk and storage:

HDD: An abbreviation for Hard disk drive, which is a storage unit used to save and transfer data, and it is the main storage method in the computer, and it is either internal or external, and it is a magnetic disk that rotates and a magnetic pickup reads in a way similar to that of an old CD player and the data was stored in it in the form of zero and one ( 1-0). Digital. This purification was invented in the fifties and was very large disks, but they only save small amounts of data, not exceeding the size of a megabyte, and it has evolved into small portable units that save huge amounts of data.

SSD: The shortcut for Solid State Drive, which is a data storage device without a disk in which it moves like a hard disk, and is also used to save and transfer data, but it may perform better than HDD because the search time that results in the disk moving and the reading and writing head moving in the HDD has been eliminated, but its small spaces are defective. It did not reach the spaces afforded by the HDD disk and its prices are very expensive, but it is expected that it will overcome these two problems in the future.

CD: It means the Compact Disc. It is an optical disk used to store data. The side on which information is stored is coated with a thin layer of pure aluminum. Lasers are used to record data and can save data in sizes ranging from 184 MB to 900 MB.

DVD: An abbreviation for Digital Video Disc is an optical disc used as a medium for storing data and is considered an evolution of CD, and it can save movies of high definition and sound quality. These cylinders are similar in size to CDs, but are encoded in other formats at much higher densities. The disk can hold 8.5 GB of information, making it a viable alternative to a CD.

Blue Ray: It is an evolution of DVD discs where the blue laser is used for the process of reading and writing (hence its name) and it is more accurate than the red laser used in DVD discs, as it enables us to store more information on one side with a storage space of 25 GB on a single layer and up to 50 GB on Dual-layer disks.

Cloud: An English word meaning "cloud", but in the technology world it symbolizes something else, which is (Cloud Services) or cloud services, and it is the latest development of services to save data. Instead of storing your data in disks that may be lost or internal or external memory that may be destroyed, you can save everything in Cloud services without fear of losing them, God willing, as the companies that provide these services give each user a space in their servers to save their files and data, and then he can access them from any device even if his own device is not required except for the presence of the Internet and usually the service is free for a specific area and if you want The increase must be paid to them, and the most famous of these services are iCloud from Apple, Google Drive from Google, OneDrive from Microsoft and many other services that provide this wonderful service.

Technical hardware (hardware):

RAM: Random Access Memory is a random access memory that saves information in computers, tablets and smartphones temporarily, where information is lost from it when the program or device is stopped, or power cuts in any way from the device, and it is important in improving the performance of programs because it is responsible for the speed of implementation of operations and processing. Increasing their sizes and using the best types, especially heavy business owners such as designers and video game lovers.

Gorilla Glass: A registered trademark of the American company Corning specializing in the manufacture of glass, as it is called by its ergonomically designed glass to combine thinness, lightness and shock resistance, and it is used as a basic cover for the interface of many devices, whether smartphones, tablets, computers and even TV screens, and is used by even the largest manufacturers of these devices and so far use them Apple in the iPhone and iPad.

CPUIt means the Central Processing Unit, or it is called a processor, which is one of the components of the computer as well as the smart devices, and it interprets the instructions and processes the data included in the software and it can be said that it is the mastermind of the device, and it contains nuclei and each core is a processing unit so the more the number of cores increases The speed of the curing process has increased.

NFC: It is Near Field Communication, meaning “near field communication,” and it is used to exchange data wirelessly in a narrow range of not more than 4 centimeters between the two parties to the information exchange (phone and another receiving device, whether a phone or other), which made it possible to use it in financial transactions because it is so safe to a large degree. It can be handled wirelessly from a distance.

MIME: It is an abbreviation for receiving and transmitting antennas for Wi-Fi wireless devices, as these devices have more than one antenna for reception and more than one antenna for transmission, which enhances reception and transmission performance and reduces errors, so we find that the iPad Air contains two antennas for reception and others for transmission. MIMO is short for (Multiple Input-Multiple Output), and you can read more about MIMO in the topic [What does MIMO mean supported by the new iPad?]

Sapphire: It is a type of glass made of ultra-pure sapphire and resistant to scratches. Apple started using it with the iPhone 5, but it has not yet used it in the main screen and was limited to using it in the camera as it gives it high protection and great purity. I also used it in the Home button in the 5s as it protects the fingerprint sensor without interfering with it when performing its work, and the leaks indicate that it will be used with the iPhone 6 as a layer of protection for the main screen. And also for the smart watch, especially that Apple has built a factory for it in Arizona, USA.

Other terms

IEEE: It is a global non-profit organization for the development and promotion of information-related technology in the world, and it has more than 429 thousand members.It is an abbreviation of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, and it is considered one of the most famous industrial standard-setters in the world, as it includes many fields such as electrical energy, medical devices, electronics, communications and technology Information, including the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless networks.

PDF: Acronym for Portable Document Format is a file format Adobe developed in 1993 for document exchange. This format is used to represent two-dimensional documents independently of software, operating system, or hardware. Each PDF file contains a complete description of a fixed-design XNUMXD document, including the text, lines, images, and XNUMXD vectors that make up the document, which is an open standard for general use.

MEMO: Originally, Memorandum is a written suggestion or reminder that is usually used in the field of business where it is used to communicate between companies or people in general by means of these messages, for example some companies put MEMO on a list at the company's headquarters or send as an e-mail to employees to introduce them, for example, the company's financial goal during the next year and so on. .

RSS: They differed in its origin, it was said that it is Really Simple Syndication, and some say it is (Rich Site Summary), which is a service that brings the reader the feeds of the sites that he chooses to follow the news and articles in one place without the need to visit each site separately, and there are hundreds of services and sites that provide RSS services that have developed Noticeably in recent years, until it has become distinctively offering something like browsing magazines as a service Flyboard Including what offers multiple display options such as Feedly Which became Google Reader alternative.

Sources :    webopedia, Wikipedia, about.com, Macworld